{"id":342,"date":"2025-11-20T11:06:16","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T11:06:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/poisonshops.com\/?post_type=product&p=342"},"modified":"2025-12-02T15:32:34","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T15:32:34","slug":"nicil-charbonail","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/poisonshops.com\/ga\/tairge\/nicil-charbonail\/","title":{"rendered":"Carb\u00f3nil nicil"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ceannaigh carb\u00f3nil nicil ar l\u00edne<\/h2>\n

Cad is carb\u00f3nil nicil ann?<\/h4>\n

Ceannaigh carb\u00f3nil nicil ar l\u00edne<\/a> (Ainm IUPAC: tetracarb\u00f3naile nicil) is \u00e9 an comhdh\u00fail org\u00e1nach-nicil leis an bhfoirmle Ni(CO)4. Is \u00e9 an leacht gan dath seo pr\u00edomhcharb\u00f3naile an nicil.<\/p>\n

Is idirmhe\u00e1n \u00e9 i bpr\u00f3iseas Mond chun Nicil Carb\u00f3inile ar l\u00edne a th\u00e1irgeadh a bhfuil \u00edonacht an-ard aige, agus is oibre\u00e1nach \u00e9 sa cheimic org\u00e1namhiotalach, c\u00e9 go bhfuil Pr\u00f3iseas Mond tar \u00e9is \u00e9ir\u00ed as \u00fas\u00e1id choitianta de bharr na mbaol sl\u00e1inte a bhaineann le hoibri\u00fa leis an gcomhdh\u00fail.<\/p>\n

Is \u00e9 carb\u00f3nil nicile ceann de na substaint\u00ed is cont\u00fairt\u00ed a casadh ar cheimic an nicile go dt\u00ed seo, mar gheall ar a thocsaineacht an-ard, mar aon lena so-ghalaitheacht ard agus a mheandh\u00edoth\u00fa ar an gcraiceann. Ceannaigh Carb\u00f3nil Nicile ar an margadh dubh.<\/p>\n

\"Siopa<\/p>\n

Strucht\u00far agus nascadh<\/span><\/h2>\n

I dtr\u00edcharb\u00f3nil nicil, sanntar an staid ocsa\u00eddi\u00fach\u00e1in n\u00e1id don nicil. Comhl\u00edonann an fhoirmle an riail 18-leictreon. T\u00e1 an mh\u00f3il\u00edn teitri\u00fail, le ceithre liogand carb\u00f3inile (ocsa\u00edd charb\u00f3in). Rinneadh staid\u00e9ir difrith\u00edochta leictreon ar an m\u00f3il\u00edn seo, agus r\u00edomhadh go bhfuil na fad Ni\u2013C agus C\u2013O 1.838(2) agus 1.141(2) angstr\u00f3m faoi seach. Ceannaigh carb\u00f3inil nicil ar l\u00edne.<\/p>\n

Ullmh\u00fach\u00e1n<\/span><\/h3>\n

Sint\u00e9is\u00edodh Ni(CO)4 den ch\u00e9ad uair sa bhliain 1890 ag Ludwig Mond tr\u00ed imoibri\u00fa d\u00edreach idir miotal nicil agus CO. Thug an saothar ceannr\u00f3da\u00edoch seo le fios go raibh go leor comhdh\u00fal carb\u00f3inil miotail eile ann, lena n-\u00e1ir\u00edtear iad si\u00fad de V, Cr, Mn, Fe, agus Co. Cuireadh i bhfeidhm go tionscla\u00edoch \u00e9 freisin chun nicil a ghlanadh faoi dheireadh an 19\u00fa haois.<\/p>\n

Ag 323 K (50 \u00b0C; 122 \u00b0F), d\u00e9antar ocsa\u00edd charb\u00f3in a phas\u00fa thar nicil neamhghlan. Tarla\u00edonn an r\u00e1ta optamach ag 130 \u00b0C. Ceannaigh carb\u00f3nil nicile ar an margadh dubh.<\/p>\n

D\u00edcharb\u00f3n\u00fa teirmeach<\/span><\/h4>\n

Ar th\u00e9amh measartha, Ni(CO)4<\/sub> D\u00ed-mheasann s\u00e9 ina mhonocsa\u00edd charb\u00f3in agus ina nicil miotail. I dteannta an fhoirmithe \u00e9asca \u00f3 CO agus fi\u00fa nicil an-\u00e9aghlan, is \u00e9 an d\u00ed-mheasadh seo bun\u00fas phr\u00f3iseas Mond chun an nicil charb\u00f3nil a ghlanadh n\u00f3 chun \u00e9 a phl\u00e1t\u00e1il ar dhromchla\u00ed. Tosa\u00edonn an d\u00ed-mheasadh teirmeach ag thart ar 180 \u00b0C agus m\u00e9ada\u00edonn s\u00e9 ag teocht n\u00edos airde.<\/p>\n

\"Bithearmair\"<\/p>\n

Ceannaigh carb\u00f3nil nicil ar l\u00edne<\/h3>\n

Imoibrithe le leictreaf\u00edleanna agus le gn\u00edomhair\u00ed ocsa\u00eddi\u00fach\u00e1in<\/span><\/h5>\n

Is f\u00e9idir carb\u00f3nil nicile a ocsa\u00eddi\u00fa. Ocsa\u00edd\u00edonn cl\u00f3ir\u00edn carb\u00f3nil nicile ina NiCl.2<\/sub>, ag scaoileadh g\u00e1s CO. Iompra\u00edonn halag\u00f3in eile ar an mbealach c\u00e9anna. Sol\u00e1thra\u00edonn an t-imoibri\u00fa seo modh \u00e1isi\u00fail chun an chuid nicil den chomhdh\u00fail thocsaineach a chiseal\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Imoibrithe Ni(CO)4<\/sub> le halid\u00e9id alcaile agus arile is minic a thagann t\u00e1irg\u00ed org\u00e1nacha charbonailte as.<\/p>\n

Tionta\u00edtear hail\u00eddeacha vinileacha, amhail PhCH=CHBr, ina n-\u00e9istir neamhs\u00e1ithithe tar \u00e9is c\u00f3ire\u00e1la le Ni(CO).4<\/sub> leantach ag meitil\u00e9ideocsa\u00edd s\u00f3idiam.<\/p>\n

Is d\u00f3cha freisin go dtarla\u00edonn a leith\u00e9id de fhrithghn\u00edomhartha tr\u00ed bhreise\u00e1n ocsa\u00eddi\u00fach\u00e1in. Tugann hail\u00eddeacha ail\u00edleacha na comhdh\u00faile \u03c0-ail\u00edlnicil, mar shampla (ail\u00edl)2<\/sub>N\u00ed2<\/sub>Cail\u00edn2<\/sub>:<\/p>\n

\n
2 Ni(CO)4<\/sub>\u00a0+ 2 ClCH2<\/sub>Carb\u00f3n-haidridean2<\/sub>\u00a0N\u00ed2<\/sub>(\u03bc<\/i>-Cl)2<\/sub>(\u03b7<\/i>3<\/sup>-C3<\/sub>H5<\/sub>)2<\/sub>\u00a0+ 8 CO<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n

\"Siopa\u00ed<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Melting point: :<\/b>-19\u00b0C
\nBoiling point: :<\/b>43\u00b0C
\nDensity\u00a0 :<\/b>1,32 g\/cm3<\/sup>
\nvapor pressure\u00a0 :<\/b>321 mmHg at 20 \u00b0C
\nFlash point: :<\/b><-20\u00b0C
\nform\u00a0 :<\/b>liquid
\ncolor\u00a0 :<\/b>colorless
\nOdor :<\/b>Sooty odor detectable at 0.5 to 3 ppm
\nWater Solubility\u00a0 :<\/b>soluble in ~5000 parts air free H2O; soluble alcohol, benzene, chloroform, acetone, CCl4 [MER06]
\nSensitive\u00a0 :<\/b>heat sensitive
\nExposure limits :<\/b>TLV-TWA: 0.05 ppm (0.35 mg as Ni\/m3<\/sup>) (ACGIH)
\nPEL: 0.001 ppm (0.007 mg Ni\/m3<\/sup>) (OSHA, MSHA and NIOSH)
\nIDLH: 0.001 ppm (NIOSH, OSHA).\u00a0Stability: :<\/b>Stable. Highly flammable and highly reactive. Explosion hazard.
\nEPA Substance Registry System :<\/b>Nickel carbonyl (13463-39-3)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":343,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[17],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-342","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-poisons-for-sale","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"shipping-taxable","11":"purchasable","12":"product-type-variable"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/poisonshops.com\/ga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/342","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/poisonshops.com\/ga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/poisonshops.com\/ga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/poisonshops.com\/ga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=342"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/poisonshops.com\/ga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/343"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/poisonshops.com\/ga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=342"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/poisonshops.com\/ga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=342"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/poisonshops.com\/ga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=342"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/poisonshops.com\/ga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=342"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}